![]() Together, they create a starting point for land surveys. A principal meridian is a north-south line, while a baseline is an east-west line. Establishing the Township Grid: Principal meridians and baselines form the basis for establishing a grid system of townships in the PLSS.Principal meridians and baselines are essential components of the Rectangular Government Survey System, also known as the Public Land Survey System (PLSS). It helps legal descriptions of land, property boundaries, and land ownership to be accurately recorded and documented. ![]() The baseline plays a crucial role in providing a fixed reference point for surveying and identifying specific locations within the rectangular survey system. By intersecting these lines, the rectangular survey system divides land into a grid of townships, ranges, and sections for land administration purposes. Range lines run north-south and are measured east or west of the principal meridian. From the baseline, the townships and range lines are measured and numbered. The baseline is typically established first and runs east-west, usually along a geographic feature like a river or parallel to a state boundary. It is one of two main lines in the system, the other being a principal north-south line called the principal meridian. In the rectangular government survey system, a baseline is a principal east-west line used as a reference point for measuring and subdividing land. For more information, see the "Surveys and Legal Description" article in the " Real Estate In-Depth" section.Ĭontinue reading here: Rural Housing Service RHS Loan A typical legal description using this system includes the (1) portion of the section, (2) section number, (3) township row, (4) range column and (5) name or number of the principal merdian. Because of the curvature of the earth, correction lines and guide meridians are used to compensate. The rectangular survey describes property location as fractions of sections, which are part of townships, and provide distance measurements from principal meridians, base lines and range lines. The rectangular survey method is often used in combination with either the Metes & Bounds or Plat of Survey methods. Sometimes called the government survey or geodetic survey system, the rectangular survey system is one of the three most common methods for surveying property. ![]()
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